Why focus on Cities & Urban Health
Cities as the Frontline of Global Health
Cities are now at the heart of global health. More than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas, a figure expected to rise to nearly 68% by 2050. At the same time, cities generate over 80% of global GDP, making them powerful centers of economic activity. This dual role means cities are where health challenges are most concentrated—but also where the greatest opportunities for improving health exist.
Urban environments shape health through factors such as housing, transport, air quality, food systems, and access to healthcare. While many city residents face risks like pollution, poor housing, and limited space for physical activity, cities also offer the ability to address these challenges at scale. With the right planning and policies, urban areas can become engines of better health, productivity, and resilience. In this sense, health is not just a result of economic growth—it is a key driver of it.
Cities at the Center of Climate and Health Solutions
Climate change and health are closely linked, and cities sit at the center of both the problem and the solution. Urban areas are responsible for around 70% of global carbon emissions, while also exposing populations to climate-related risks such as extreme heat, flooding, and air pollution. At the same time, major drivers of climate change—such as food systems and energy use—are also linked to poor health outcomes.
However, cities also offer the greatest opportunity for transformation. By improving urban planning, promoting sustainable transport, ensuring access to green spaces, and creating healthier food environments, cities can reduce emissions while improving public health. Many of these solutions are already known—the real challenge is implementing them quickly and effectively at scale. By aligning data, policy, and leadership, cities can lead the way toward a healthier, more equitable, and sustainable future.
